Delivered at the First R & D Lecture Series: Ancestral Domain Research on the Higaunon of Malitbog, Bukidnon and Cauyonan and Lubilan in Misamis Oriental, sponsored by the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Extension, Department of Research, Audio-Visual Room, College of Arts and Social Sciences, MSU-IIT, 18 November 1998. The story of how the Lumads became cultural minorities and the major role of the Spanish colonizers, the American Imperialists and the Philippine government in the process.